Howard GRE

Although Elizabeth Stuart Phelps’ novel Doctor Zay (1882) dominates critical discussion of Phelps’ interest in woman doctors , preceding it were many little-known writings by Phelps. These writings underscored the achievements of already established women doctors , the imperative of medically educating and training women in the face of pernicious resistance, and the medical woman’s symbolic value as an agent of healing in post-Civil War America. An exploration of this largely overlooked early prose demonstrates that Phelps played an instrumental role in legitimizing the American medical woman during a crucial earlier period when the number of women doctors in the United States increased substantially(+), but the woman doctor remained perhaps the most controversial new presence on the nation’s occupational landscape.(-) select all that apply 1.It can be inferred that the author of the passage would be likely to agree with which of the following statements about Phelps’ wri...

Scientific consensus is that humans first began to have a warming effect on Earth's climate within the past century , after coal-burning factories, power plants, and motor vehicles began releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases in significant quantities into the air. However , evidence suggests that human agricultural activities may have had such an effect much earlier : concentrations of CO2 started rising about 8000 years ago, even though natural trends indicate they should have been dropping ; methane levels rose similarly about 3,000 years later. Without these rises, however , current temperatures in northern parts of North America and Europe would be cooler by three to four degrees Celsius-enough to inhibit agriculture -and an ice age would probably have begun several thousand years ago in northeastern Canada. 1.Which of the following best describes the function of the highlighted sentence? A It undermines the assumption that human activity has had a...

Many researchers attribute the large number of physiological and behavioral similarities between birds and mammals , which have separate evolutionary histories, to endothermy (a thermoregulatory strategy whereby warm body temperature is maintained through internal heat sources). However , Farmer argues that parental care rather than endothermy is the key to understanding the similarities between mammals and birds. According to Farmer , (3.E) while endothermy provides an explanation for a few similarities , such as the presence of body insulation , endothermy is just one characteristic among many related to parental care. The two purported advantages of endothermy that have been most frequently cited by researchers are an expanded range of inhabitable environments and the ability to sustain vigorous exercise. But metabolism has to increase substantially (at great energy cost) therefore conferring any significant thermoregulatory advantage in terms of the former, and there is no c...

The binary planet hypothesis—(1.A)that Earth and the Moon formed simultaneously by the (1.B)accretion of smaller objects—does not explain why the Moon’s iron core is so small relative to the Moon’s total volume, compared with Earth’s core relative to Earth’s total volume. According to the giant-impact hypothesis, the Moon was created during a collision between Earth and a large object about (2.E) the size of Mars. Computer simulations of this impact show that both of the objects would melt in the impact and the dense core of the impactor would (2.B) fall as molten rock into the liquefied iron core of Earth. The ejected matter—mantle (2.A) rock that had surrounded the cores of both objects—would be almost devoid of iron. (2.D)This matter would become the Moon. 1.According to the passage, the binary planet hypothesis holds that ·       A. Earth and the Moon were formed at the same time ·       B. smaller objects joined t...