Howard GRE

Social insects represent the high point of invertebrate evolution. Some species live in communities of millions, coordinating their building and foraging, their reproduction, and their offspring care. Yet sociality is found in only a few species of insects, and is rare among vertebrates as well: wildebeest (large antelope)and lions are the exception rather than the rule. Nearly all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals are solitary, except when courting and mating. Birds and mammals usually rear their young, but year-round family groups are almost unknown, though they are intensely studied where they do exist. The same is true for insects. We know, or think we know, that social groups are good. Wolves are better predators when they hunt in packs, and pigeons escape from falcons far more often when feeding in flocks. Group building projects—the dams beavers build to block a body of water that provides them with relative safety from predators and the lodges they build for shel...

As people rely more and more on  technology  to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate . Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. The statement linking technology negatively with free thinking plays on recent human experience over the past century. Surely there has been no time in history where the lived lives of people have changed more dramatically. A quick reflection on a typical day reveals how technology has revolutionized the world. Most people commute to work in an automobile that runs on an internal combustion engine. During the workday, chances are high that the employee will interact with a computer that processes information on silicon bri...

Although Elizabeth Stuart Phelps’ novel Doctor Zay (1882) dominates critical discussion of Phelps’ interest in woman doctors , preceding it were many little-known writings by Phelps. These writings underscored the achievements of already established women doctors , the imperative of medically educating and training women in the face of pernicious resistance, and the medical woman’s symbolic value as an agent of healing in post-Civil War America. An exploration of this largely overlooked early prose demonstrates that Phelps played an instrumental role in legitimizing the American medical woman during a crucial earlier period when the number of women doctors in the United States increased substantially(+), but the woman doctor remained perhaps the most controversial new presence on the nation’s occupational landscape.(-) select all that apply 1.It can be inferred that the author of the passage would be likely to agree with which of the following statements about Phelps’ wri...

Scientific consensus is that humans first began to have a warming effect on Earth's climate within the past century , after coal-burning factories, power plants, and motor vehicles began releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases in significant quantities into the air. However , evidence suggests that human agricultural activities may have had such an effect much earlier : concentrations of CO2 started rising about 8000 years ago, even though natural trends indicate they should have been dropping ; methane levels rose similarly about 3,000 years later. Without these rises, however , current temperatures in northern parts of North America and Europe would be cooler by three to four degrees Celsius-enough to inhibit agriculture -and an ice age would probably have begun several thousand years ago in northeastern Canada. 1.Which of the following best describes the function of the highlighted sentence? A It undermines the assumption that human activity has had a...

Many researchers attribute the large number of physiological and behavioral similarities between birds and mammals , which have separate evolutionary histories, to endothermy (a thermoregulatory strategy whereby warm body temperature is maintained through internal heat sources). However , Farmer argues that parental care rather than endothermy is the key to understanding the similarities between mammals and birds. According to Farmer , (3.E) while endothermy provides an explanation for a few similarities , such as the presence of body insulation , endothermy is just one characteristic among many related to parental care. The two purported advantages of endothermy that have been most frequently cited by researchers are an expanded range of inhabitable environments and the ability to sustain vigorous exercise. But metabolism has to increase substantially (at great energy cost) therefore conferring any significant thermoregulatory advantage in terms of the former, and there is no c...

The binary planet hypothesis—(1.A)that Earth and the Moon formed simultaneously by the (1.B)accretion of smaller objects—does not explain why the Moon’s iron core is so small relative to the Moon’s total volume, compared with Earth’s core relative to Earth’s total volume. According to the giant-impact hypothesis, the Moon was created during a collision between Earth and a large object about (2.E) the size of Mars. Computer simulations of this impact show that both of the objects would melt in the impact and the dense core of the impactor would (2.B) fall as molten rock into the liquefied iron core of Earth. The ejected matter—mantle (2.A) rock that had surrounded the cores of both objects—would be almost devoid of iron. (2.D)This matter would become the Moon. 1.According to the passage, the binary planet hypothesis holds that ·       A. Earth and the Moon were formed at the same time ·       B. smaller objects joined t...

"Important truths begin as outrageous , or at least uncomfortable, attacks upon the accepted wisdom of the time." Truths(s) begin(v) as outrageous attacks(sc)   真理通常是開始於難以接受的處境, 真理 因為挑戰一直以來被接受的錯誤觀點 ( 學問 ) 背景: This is a proven fact that truth is the initial stage of progress .(發展的前身 + )  主旨:  However , it is also believed that truth always starts away from the traditions and conventions.( - ) 觀點1 : Therefore , people consider truths as attacks upon their beliefs(-) , which people are following from ages.  Truth also means some new facts that are unknown to us.  觀點2:  People do not want to deviate from the facts , which they have learnt from their ancestors , and it is true to say that shedding ones dogmas is often difficult .  立場: They feel that it is an attack on their wisdom . 觀點 1:  truths  attacks  their beliefs 觀點 2:  People  do  not want  to  deviate  from the  facts  learnt...

ESSAY 85 "Of the two leading real estate firms in our town - Adams Realty and Fitch Realty - Adams is clearly superior. Adams has 40 real estate agents. In contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch, and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000. Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: Ten years ago, I listed my home with Fitch and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams." 大意 : 作者立場 Adams > Fitch 作者論點 : Adam's agents, revenue, efficient selling (basis of experience ten years ago) 結論 : sell your home quickly -> use Adams. In this argument, the author recommends us to use Adams, one of the two leading real estate firms in his town. As per him, Ada...